Giáo sư Kazuo Kawano và cây sắn Việt Nam

DẠY VÀ HỌC. Giáo sư Kazuo Kawano người Nhật là một trong những nhà bác học hàng đầu quốc tế về chọn tạo giống sắn, người có công lớn trong  thành tựu nghiên cứu và phát triển sắn ở Việt Nam được Bộ Nông nghiệp và PTNT trao tăng huy chương hữu nghị năm 1997. Giáo sư đã từng làm việc tại Viện Lúa  Quốc tế IRRI 1965-1969, giảng dạy về lúa ở Mỹ và Peru 1970-1972, trưởng chương trình sắn quốc tế của CIAT Colombia (1973-1984), trưởng chương trình nghiên cứu và phát triển sắn châu Á (1984-1998), giáo sư kiêm giám đốc trung tâm giảng dạy và nghiên cứu cây lương thực trường đại học Kobe , Nhật Bản 1998-2004. Giáo sư biên soạn 11 sách, 157 bài báo khoa học và đoạt nhiều giải thưởng lớn quốc tế . Giáo sư đã sang thăm Việt Nam và viết loạt 25 bài phóng sự ảnh Cây sắn Việt Nam: Hiện tại và sắp tới  (Cassava in Vietnam: Now and Then) .đăng trên trang CASAVAVIET. Trân trọng tóm tắt tiểu sử giáo sư Kazuo Kawano và giới thiệu lần lượt loạt phóng sự ảnh này (xem tiếp) Biographical Information of Kazuo Kawano Date of birth:                               16 March, 1941 Place of birth:                              Osaka, Japan Citizenship:                                 Japan Permanent resident:                  Japan Education: March 1963: Graduated from Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido, University, Japan   March 1966: M. S. degree from Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido, University, Japan March 1969: PhD from Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Japan Work Experience: + June 1963-March 1965: Research fellow at International Rice Research Institute, Philippines + Sep. -Dec.  1969  Post doctoral fellow at International Rice Research Institute, Philippines  + January 1970-December 1972 Visiting Assistant Professor at North Caroline State University and Rice; Breeding specialist at Rice Research Program, Peru + January 1973-March 1984      Plant Breeder and head of Cassava Breeding Program at the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Colombia + April 1984-March 1998: Plant Breeder and Coordinator at CIAT Asian Cassava Program + April 1998-March 2004:  Professor and Director at  Food Resources Education and Research Center, Kobe University, Japan Publications:           Author of over 157 scientific papers, of which 35 in refereed journals (All but three as senior or corresponding author), 5 books and at least 6 book chapters.  Author of numerous Symposium and Workshop articles Awards received:              February 1993    Best Academic Award of 50th Anniversary of Kasetsart University, Thailand (Group award: Development of a new high yielding, high starch variety Kasetsart 50) February 1995   Second Prize at the Technology Development Fair of Thailand (Group award: Development  and dissemination of new cassava varieties) March 1997          Medal for Contribution to Vietnamese Agriculture, from the Ministry of Agriculture                               and Rural Development of Vietnam (Individual award) March 1997          Iso Award at the Japanese Society of Tropical Agriculture (Individual award: Contribution to Asian Agriculture through cassava breeding)   July 1997             Commendation at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (Individual award:                                     Contribution to tropical agriculture through activities in an international organization) December 1998 Royal decoration in the third class of the “Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant” by the Thai government (Individual award: Establishment of cassava breeding research system and contribution to Thai agriculture research and production through development of new cassava varieties)         September 1999 “Friendship Award of Coconut Island” from Hainan Province of China (Individual Award: Contribution to agriculture research of Hainan Province through cooperative cassava breeding research)         September 1999   “Friendship Award” for Foreign Experts, from the Ministry of Foreign                                   Affairs of China (Individual award: Contribution to Chinese agriculture research and production through cassava breeding research)         April 2001           Japan Agriculture Research Prize (Individual award: Establishment of cassava research system and development of new cassava varieties)         April 2001            Yomiuri Agriculture Science Prize (Individual award: Establishment of cassava research system and development of new cassava varieties)                               April 2002            Special Award from the Philippines Root Crop Research and Training Center (Individual award: Contribution to Philippines root crop research and varietal development)                 November 2003   Science Award from Hyogo Prefactural Government, Japan (Individual award: International contribution through cassava breeding) 　　　　　November  2009   Nippon Foundation Award for Social Contribution (Shared award with Dr. Reinhardt Howeler)                                     Current Address:       Yamateday 3, 3-13, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, Japan 567-0009                                        Phone/Fax: 81 72 649 1480 ; E-mail: ke.kawano@mist.ocn.ne.jp Research and Varietal Development Conducted by Kazuo Kawano Research ・    Physiological and ecological study on the productivity of rice ・    Genetic study on productivity related traits of rice ・    Evaluation of cassava genetic resources for productivity and disease resistance ・    Analysis of environmental adaptability of cassava ・    Genetic analysis of yield and quality traits of cassava ・    Establishment of breeding method for cassava productivity ・    Genetic analyses of cassava disease resistances and establishment of breeding method for disease resistances ・    Study on the evolution of fighting apparatus in Coleoptera ・    Study on the evolutionary history of higher taxa in Coleoptera and discussion on Neo-Darwinism Varietal Development ・    Selection of high yielding varieties of rice in Peru (4 released varieties of which 2 exceeded more than 10,000ha of planted area) ・    Generation of cassava breeding materials for higher productivity ・    Introduction of disease resistances, adaptability to highly acid soils and draught tolerance to cassava breeding population ・    Introduction of higher starch content to cassava breeding population ・    Enhancement of broad environmental adaptability in cassava breeding population ・    Distribution of breeding materials from the above mentioned populations to the breeding programs in more than 25 tropical and sub-tropical countries (Total number of genotypes exceeds 1.2 million of which more than 0.6 million were for Asia) ・    Development and dissemination of recommendable varieties in collaboration with national breeding programs in Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, China, Philippines, and other countries in Asia and Latin American (As of the 1999 cropping year, 38 varieties were officially released in six countries in Asia of which 8 varieties exceeded more than 10,000ha and 5 more than 100,000ha of planted area; 15 varieties in Latin America of which one variety exceeded 10,000ha) Socio-Economic effects ・    Near 100 CIAT-related varieties are estimated to have been released in Asia up to the 2007 cropping year and their planted area exceeds 1.5 million ha. ・    Additional economic effects caused by the adoption of these new cassava varieties were estimated to have accumulated to be 1 billon US$ in 2000. ・    Combined additional economic effects caused by new varieties and improved cultural practices are estimated to be near 1 billion US$ in the single cropping year of 2007. ・    A greater part of these economic effects has been and is entering the household incomes of small farmers. ・    Adoption of improved varieties has caused and is causing increased adoption of better agronomic practices which lead to better environmental conservation. Publications (See the list of major publications) ・    Many papers on cassava breeding and rice physiology/ecology in scientific journals mainly in USA ・    Several chapters of graduate school level text books on tropical agriculture and cassava breeding in Japan and USA ・    Several commentary papers on the accountability of agricultural research in journals in Japan ・    Several commentary papers and books on the use and abuse of plant genetic resources from the standpoint of a plant breeder who has produced real results in Japan ・    Commentary papers on the limitation of reductionistic approach in tropical crop breeding and of Neo-Darwinistic stand in macro-evolution in international and Japanese journals ・    Many papers on the evolution of Coleoptera in leading journals in USA and Japan Education and Training ・    Training of national program researchers in cassava breeding through institutionalized training courses and on-the-spot practices ・    Helping the establishment and strengthening of cassava breeding programs in several tropical countries ・    Strengthening of national cassava breeding network mainly through exchange of advanced breeding materials ・    Organization of international workshops and symposiums ・    Lecturing and advising in graduate school thesis in several countries  List of Major Scientific Papers（Related to Crop Breeding） (March 2008) Kazuo Kawano (Published as senior author or corresponding author in major refereed journals in English language) Crop Science     K. Kawano, P. Daza, A. Amaya and M. Rios. 1978. Evaluation of cassava germplasm for productivity. Crop Science 18:377-380.     K. Kawano, A. Amaya, P. Daza and M. Rios. 1978. Factors affecting efficiency of selection in cassava. Crop Science 18:373-376.     K. Kawano and M. D. Thung. 1982. Intergenotypic competition and competition with associated crops in cassava. Crop Science 22:59-63.     K. Kawano, C. Tiraporn, S. Tongsri and Y. Kano. 1982. Efficiency of yield selection in cassava populations under different plant spacings. Crop Science 22:560-564.     K. Kawano, Y. Umemura and Y. Kano. 1983. Field assessment and inheritance of cassava resistance to superelongation disease. Crop Science 23:201-205.     Y. Umemura and K. Kawano. 1983. Field assessment and inheritance of resistance to cassava bacterial blight. Crop Science 23:1127-1132.     K. Kawano, W. M. Goncalves Fukuda and U. Cenpukdee. 1987. Genetic and environmental effects on dry matter content of cassava root. Crop Science 27:69-74.     K. Kawano, K. Narintaraporn, P. Narintaraporn, S. Sarakarn, A. Limsila, J. Limsila, D. Suparhan, V. Sarawat and W. Watananonta. 1998. Yield improvement in a multistage breeding program for cassava. Crop Science 38:325-332. K. Kawano. 2003. Thirty years of cassava breeding for productivity – Biological and social factors for success. Crop Science 43:1325-1335. Euphytica     K. Kawano. 1990. Harvest index and evolution of major food crop cultivars in the tropics. Euphytica 46:195-202. Journal of Crop Improvement    K. Kawano and J. H. Cook 2005. Breeding cassava for underprivileged: Institutional, Socio-economic and biological factors for success. J. Crop Improvement 14: 197-219.